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A Bluetooth Tutorial
Much like Google has come to define Internet search, and Xerox was once synonymous with making copies, the Bluetooth standard is now the dominant force in data transfer and wireless connections - so much so that the name itself almost obscures the technology. What is Bluetooth, exactly? And what can we accomplish with it?
First, some initial background. Bluetooth technology is the result of a global initiative by technology giants Ericsson, Intel, Nokia and Toshiba to set a standard for cable-free connectivity between mobile phones, mobile PCs, handheld computers and other peripheral devices. Simply put, Bluetooth is an open specification, low-power, short-range unlicensed radio frequency technology - similar to garage door openers and baby monitors - that allows the seamless and secure wireless networking of voice and data electronic devices (both mobile and stationary).
The history of Bluetooth has its roots in the late 20th century, when the standard started gaining steam, thanks to the efforts of the Bluetooth Special Internet Group. This consortium was established to help spread the technology, with the expectation that widespread adoption would help spur innovation in wireless communications. From its relatively humble beginning as a short wave radio technology, Bluetooth has grown in scope and speed, and is now the backbone of several common cell phone features.
So, what are some of the popular features that rely on Bluetooth? The most visible uses, for most of our consumers, involve cell phones and cell phone accessories. Bluetooth headsets are common add-ons with many new cell phone models - and are often included as a bonus with some online deals. Bluetooth has also made its mark on the cell phone market by serving as the wireless conduit connecting your phone to your PC, and making it possible to sync up data.
Of course, the Bluetooth standard can connect any two electronic devices - from computers, printers and other peripherals, to the on-board navigation system in your car. How does Bluetooth technology work? First, the devices establish a "physical" connection (via a radio frequency) defined by the Bluetooth standard; once connected, an agreed upon protocol helps the two devices talk to each other and exchange data. The beauty of Bluetooth is that the technology is able to exist in any device capable of transmitting and/or receiving a wireless signal.
And the capabilities don't stop there. Bluetooth networks can include as many as eight devices, all communicating with each other and sharing information. When this kind of "personal area network" is set up, one device acts as the control point, and the others all respond - in their own way - to its requests. A complex network like this is possible because of the simple brilliance of the Bluetooth standard: it operates on a very weak frequency that rarely encounters, or causes, interference. Your Bluetooth devices will work anywhere, regardless of the potential interference around them.
In general, the security of a Bluetooth connection or network is fairly strong. All devices communicating via Bluetooth must provide authorization before any information is exchanged. However, there are always exceptions, and, in recent years, some attack scenarios have been exposed, including Bluejacking and Bluetooth bourne viruses.
For more information on Bluetooth, follow Point.com's continuing series of articles:
History of Bluetooth
Bluetooth Features and Uses
Technology Behind Bluetooth
Bluetooth Networks
Bluetooth Security
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